Table6-10
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The answers are on the NEXT TAB
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(i) What is the SRF?
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(ii) Produce a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the slope coefficient.
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(iii) Calculate the R^2 (coefficient of determination) using the sum of squares. What does it mean?
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(iv) Calculate the standared error of the regression (a.k.a., standard error of estimate). What does it mean?
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(v) Tough: Given a CPI of 180 (i.e., independent variable = 180), what is the 95% confidence interval around the PREDICTED S&P value (the predicted Y)?
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TABLE 6-10
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CPI versus S&P 500, US, 1990-2001
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NON-DYNAMIC SUMMARY OUTPUT (GENERATED BY EXCEL'S REGRESSION FUNCTION)
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(X1)
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(Y)
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Regression Output
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obs
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CPI
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S&P
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X1
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Y
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Regression Statistics
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1990
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130.7
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334.59
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25.42
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(3,152.73)
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Multiple R
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0.92
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1991
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136.2
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376.18
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3.32
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513.51
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R Square
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0.85
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1992
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140.3
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415.74
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0.85
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160.22
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Adjusted R Square
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0.84
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1993
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144.5
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451.41
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58.63
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10.00
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Standard Error
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160.22
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1994
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148.2
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460.42
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1,504,990.79
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256,701.00
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Observations
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12.00
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1995
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152.4
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541.72
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1996
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156.9
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670.5
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Legend (for above)
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ANOVA
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1997
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160.5
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873.43
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b2
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b1
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df
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SS
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MS
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F
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Significance F
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1998
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163
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1085.5
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se(b2)
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se(b1)
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Regression
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1
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1,504,991
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1,504,991
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59
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0
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1999
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166.6
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1327.33
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R^2
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se(y) or SER
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Residual
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10
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256,701
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25,670
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2000
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172.2
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1427.22
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F
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d.f.
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Total
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1,761,692
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2001
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177.1
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1194.18
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ESS
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RSS
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Coefficients
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Standard Error
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t Stat
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P-value
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Lower 95%
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Upper 95%
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Lower 95.0%
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Upper 95.0%
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Intercept
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(3,152.73)
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513.51
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(6.14)
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0.00
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(4,296.91)
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(2,008.56)
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(4,296.91)
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(2,008.56)
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X Variable 1
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25.42
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3.32
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7.66
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0.00
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18.02
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32.82
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18.02
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32.82
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Table6-10_answers
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The dataset is below
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(i) What is the SRF?
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The regression is given by the two coefficients. They are the first row in the LINEST() function and they are also listed below the ANOVA table
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Intercept
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(3,152.73)
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Slope
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25.42
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Regression: (S&P) =-3152.733 + 25.42 (CPI)
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(ii) Produce a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the slope coefficient.
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We need a critical t at 95% confidence:
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2.228
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Lower limit
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18.02
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Upper limit
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32.82
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(iii) Calculate the R^2 (coefficient of determination) using the sum of squares. What does it mean?
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R^2 = ESS / TSS = ESS / (RSS + ESS)
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0.85
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(iv) Calculate the standared error of the regression (a.k.a., standard error of estimate). What does it mean?
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First, note we are given it here
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160.22
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And here
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160.22
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But here is what you want to remember:
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= SQRT[RSS/(n-2)]
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160.22
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(v) Tough: Given a CPI of 180 (i.e., independent variable = 180), what is the 95% confidence interval around the PREDICTED S&P value (the predicted Y)?
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We are given the "independent" CPI
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180
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So the Predicted S&P (Predicted Y) is:
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1,422.83
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Variance of the disturbance term:
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25,670
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Note, this is the square of the standard error of estimate (see above):
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160.22
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The variance of the forecast error is:
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9,561
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se (forecast)
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98
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We need a critical t at 95% confidence:
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2.228
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Lower limit
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1,204.96
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Upper limit
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1,640.70
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Dynamic Regression
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NON-DYNAMIC SUMMARY OUTPUT (GENERATED BY EXCEL'S REGRESSION FUNCTION)
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(X1)
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x
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(Y)
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Output
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Including ANOVA Table
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obs
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CPI
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S&P
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X1
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Y
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Regression Statistics
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1990
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130.7
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545.2
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334.59
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25.42
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(3,152.73)
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Multiple R
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0.92
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1991
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136.2
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318.6
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376.18
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3.32
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513.51
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R Square
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0.85
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1992
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140.3
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189.1
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415.74
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0.85
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160.22
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Adjusted R Square
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0.84
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1993
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144.5
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91.2
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451.41
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58.63
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10.00
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Standard Error
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160.22
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1994
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148.2
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34.2
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460.42
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1,504,990.79
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256,701.00
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Observations
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12.00
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1995
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152.4
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2.7
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541.72
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1996
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156.9
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8.1
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670.5
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Legend (for above)
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ANOVA
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1997
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160.5
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41.6
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873.43
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b2
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b1
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df
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SS
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MS
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F
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Significance F
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1998
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163
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80.1
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1085.5
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se(b2)
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se(b1)
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Regression
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1
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1,504,991
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1,504,991
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59
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0
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1999
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166.6
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157.5
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1327.33
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R^2
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se(y) or SER
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Residual
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10
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256,701
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25,670
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2000
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172.2
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329.4
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1427.22
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F
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d.f.
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Total
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11
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1,761,692
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2001
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177.1
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531.3
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1194.18
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ESS
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RSS
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Coefficients
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Standard Error
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t Stat
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P-value
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Lower 95%
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Upper 95%
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Lower 95.0%
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Upper 95.0%
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Average
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154.05
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763.185
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Intercept
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(3,152.73)
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513.51
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(6.14)
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0.00
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(4,296.91)
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(2,008.56)
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(4,296.91)
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(2,008.56)
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Sum
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2,329.1
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X Variable 1
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25.42
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3.32
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7.66
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0.00
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18.02
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32.82
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18.02
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32.82
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